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本研究通过细胞学、形态学以及流式细胞仪分析等方法对粳稻F1代花培植株进行倍性鉴定,结果表明:苗期利用印记液撕取法观察花培植株的气孔形态、大小以及保卫细胞的叶绿体数并辅以形态学鉴定,是粳稻花培植株群体早期倍性快速判别的简单有效的办法。经流式细胞仪测定和染色体计数验证,结果准确可靠。判别标准如下:单倍体粳稻叶片的表皮气孔保卫细胞叶绿体数≤8,长短轴长平均值分别为11.3μm和6.7μm;而叶绿体数6~16,长短轴长平均值为19.8μm和11.2μm的可视为二倍体;气孔叶绿体数主要分布在10~22之间,长短轴长平均值为30.2μm和14.4μm的可视为四倍体。
In this study, the ploidy of japonica F1 hybrids was identified by cytology, morphology and flow cytometry analysis. The results showed that stomatal shape, size and the number of guard cells Of the chloroplast and morphological identification, is a simple and effective method to quickly discriminate the ploidy of early japonica flower plant population. Flow cytometry and chromosome count verification, the results are accurate and reliable. The criterion is as follows: The chloroplast number of epidermal stomatal guard cells in leaves of haploid japonica rice is less than 8, the average length of long axis and short axis are 11.3μm and 6.7μm, while the number of chloroplast is 6 ~ 16, the average length and length of axis are 19.8μm and 11.2μm Can be regarded as diploid. The number of stomatal chloroplasts is mainly distributed between 10 and 22, and the average length and length of axes are 30.2 and 14.4 μm.