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自1998年干细胞第一次从早期胚胎中分离开始,研究者就试图寻找它们在体外培养的最佳条件。有效维持其快速增殖并控制细胞分化的培养方法越来越多。对干细胞生物学的深入认知,结合最优实验流程的开发,有助于降低培养过程中的可变性,从而获得更稳定的细胞株。这些进展使得干细胞专家甚至是初学者都可以更好地利用这种强大的细胞进行疾病模型的构建、药物研究以及加速理论研究到临床应用的转变。“,”Since 1998, when stem cells were first isolated from early-stage embryos, researchers have sought to engineer the optimal conditions for their growth in vitro. More effective and efficient methods to sustain robust growth and control differentiation of these cells are emerging at a stunning pace. New insights into the biology of stem cells, combined with development of optimized protocols and all-in-one kits, will help reduce variability in cultures, leading to more reproducible production and improved control of differentiation. These advances will allow both stem cell experts and newcomers to better leverage these powerful cells for disease modeling and drug research and help facilitate the transition from the bench to the clinic.