深静脉血栓形成(deep venous thrombosis,DVT),急性期引起肢体肿胀疼痛甚至肺动脉栓塞(pulmonary embolism,PE),慢性期血栓损伤静脉管壁和瓣膜功能进而表现静脉高压的一系列症候群,即血栓形成后综合征(post—thrombotic syndrome,PTS),对患者的生命预期、生活质量、劳动力等都是极大的危害~([1])。因此,针对DVT和PE的诊治指南层出不穷并逐年更新~([2-4])。然而作为下肢静脉最主要的组成成分之一,下腔静脉 Deep venous thrombosis (DVT), acute swollen limb pain and even pulmonary embolism (PE), chronic thrombosis of the venous wall and valve function and then a series of symptoms of venous hypertension that thrombosis Post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) is a great risk to the patient’s life expectancy, quality of life, labor force, etc. ([1]). Therefore, treatment guidelines for DVT and PE emerge in an endless stream and are updated year by year. ([2-4]) However, as the most important component of venous veins, inferior vena cava