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基于Keyhole-1(1962年)、Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI数据(1985-2016年)、SRTM/ASTER DEM和湖区周边气象站点(1961-2012年)年均气温和降水数据,对达里诺尔三个主要湖泊的水域面积、人类活动典型环境要素(居民地、耕地和草场面积)以及主要流域植被覆盖度进行定量化表达及相关性分析。研究表明:达里诺尔流域一些生态、人文、地理指标发生了变化,55年来(1962-2016年)三个主要湖泊水域面积缩小了24.65%,居民地面积增加了15.32倍,耕地面积增加了7.86倍;32年来(1985-2016年)全流域平均植被指数降低了约38.46%,饲草(放牧及冬储用)面积占流域可利用面积52.80%;主要湖泊水域面积变化与全球气候要素变化不显著相关,与人类活动典型环境要素(居民地、耕地和草场面积变化)显著相关,人类活动正成为湖泊湿地退化的主导因素。
Based on the average annual temperature and precipitation data from Keyhole-1 (1962), Landsat TM / ETM + / OLI data (1985-2016), SRTM / ASTER DEM and meteorological stations around the lake area (1961-2012) The water area of the main lakes, the typical environmental elements of human activities (residential area, farmland and pasture area), and the vegetation coverage of the main river basins were quantitatively expressed and analyzed. The results show that some ecological, cultural and geographical indicators have changed in the Dalinuoer Watershed. The area of the three major lakes and waters has shrunk by 24.65% in the past 55 years (1962-2016), the area of residents increased by 15.32 times and that of cultivated land increased by 7.86 The average vegetation index of the whole basin decreased by 38.46% over the past 32 years (1985-2016), and the usable area of forage grass (grazing and winter storage) accounted for 52.80% of the available area of the basin. The change of the area of the main lakes and the change of global climate elements Significantly correlated with the typical environmental elements of human activities (residential area, farmland and pasture area changes) are significantly related to human activities are becoming the leading factor of lake wetland degradation.