对四川省1950—1986年间359例石棉肺患者进行了流行病学调查。四川省的石棉肺主要分布在生产和加工温石棉的3个厂矿。石棉肺人年发病率为2.55‰,累积患病率为4.29％,病死率为21.45％,累积死亡率为891/10万,平均死亡年龄为60.67岁。石棉肺的癌瘤合并率为24.68％,其中以肝癌、肺癌最高;结核合并率为15.58％。癌瘤死因顺位占第2位。结果认为,应寻找和采用石棉代用品,对接触石棉的工人,有必要提倡戒烟,定期的健康检查及痰液细胞学检查。 An epidemiological survey of 359 asbestosis patients in Sichuan Province from 1950 to 1986 was conducted. Asbestosis in Sichuan Province is mainly distributed in the three factories that produce and process chrysotile. The annual incidence of asbestosis in lungs was 2.55 ‰, with a cumulative prevalence of 4.29%, a case fatality rate of 21.45% and a cumulative mortality rate of 891/100000 with an average age of 60.67 years. Ascites lung cancer merger rate was 24.68%, of which the highest liver cancer, lung cancer; tuberculosis was 15.58%. The cause of cancer death ranked No. 2. The result was that asbestos substitutes should be sought and used, and it is necessary for workers exposed to asbestos to promote smoking cessation, regular health checks and sputum cytology.