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目的:探讨高异族接触经验的汉族大学生在面孔识别中的异族效应及其脑加工机制。方法:选取高接触经验的汉族大学生为研究对象,通过被试内实验设计,采用S1-S2延迟匹配范式,收集Ncuro Scan公司生产的ESI128导脑电记录系统记录的脑电数据。结果:1在反应时上,面孔一致性的主效应显著(F=8.34,P<0.05);2在N270的平均波幅上,面孔一致性主效应显著(F=34.77,P<0.05),面孔一致性与民族交互作用显著(F=8.23,P<0.05);半球分析发现,当面孔为异族面孔时,面孔一致性主效应显著(F=18.71,P<0.05),民族与面孔一致性的交互作用显著(F=9.10,P<0.05);3在N400的平均波幅上,面孔一致性主效应显著(F=7.51,P<0.05),面孔一致性与民族交互作用显著(F=5.35,P=0.05)。结论:1高异族经验大学生在深层加工上依然存在异族效应;2高异族接触经验大学生在早期结构编码上可能采用了更为熟练的局部加工方式;3支持了Bruce和Young的多阶段认知模型,说明面孔识别确实存在早期结构编码和晚期面孔认知两个不同加工阶段。
Objective: To explore the alien effect and brain processing mechanism of Han students with high interracial contact experience in facial recognition. Methods: Han college students with high contact experience were selected as experimental subjects. EEG data recorded by Nuro Scan ESI128 EEG recording system were collected by experimental design of subjects and S1-S2 delayed matching paradigm. Results: 1 The main effect of face consistency was significant (F = 8.34, P <0.05) at the time of reaction; 2 The main effect of face consistency was significant on average amplitude of N270 (F = 34.77, P <0.05) Consistency and ethnic interaction were significant (F = 8.23, P <0.05). The hemispheric analysis showed that when the faces were interracial, the main effect of the face consistency was significant (F = 18.71, P <0.05) (F = 9.10, P <0.05) .3 The average effect of N400 on face amplitude was significant (F = 7.51, P <0.05) P = 0.05). Conclusions: (1) The high-intergrowth college students still have inter-ethnic effects in deep processing; (2) High-interracial contact experience college students may adopt more skilled local processing methods in early structure coding; (3) They support Bruce and Young’s multi-stage cognitive model , Indicating that face recognition does exist two different stages of processing: early structure coding and late-stage face recognition.