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叶片表面的水滴形态不仅可以反映叶片的润湿性和持水能力,对了解森林的降雨截留及再分配过程也有重要的意义。本文通过对蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)、紫椴(Tilia amurense)叶片上20~100μL水量的水滴形态(高度、底面积、接触角)及100μL水滴在蒸发过程中形态变化规律的观测,探讨了2种叶片上水滴形态的差异,并构建了水滴液表的曲面模型。结果表明,等水量条件下,紫椴叶片上的水滴形态较蒙古栎相对扁平,水滴高度较蒙古栎低0.15~0.41 mm,底面积大1.07~9.99 mm2,接触角小5°~10°;蒙古栎、紫椴叶片上水滴水量每增加1μL,高度分别增加0.0125和0.0091 mm,底面积分别增加0.59和0.70 mm2,接触角分别减小0.185°和0.25°。在蒸发过程中,2种叶片上水滴形态变化规律相同,但形变速率不同,紫椴叶片上水滴高度和底面积的变化速率均大于蒙古栎,分别快9.8%和41.1%,这与2种叶片上的水滴形态有直接关系。
The shape of water droplets on the blade surface not only reflects the leaf wettability and water holding capacity, but also has important meanings for understanding the process of rainfall interception and redistribution. In this paper, morphological changes of water droplets of 20 ~ 100μL on the leaves of Quercus mongolica, Tilia amurense were observed, and the morphological changes of 100μL water droplets during evaporation were investigated. The results showed that 2 Kinds of leaves on the drop shape differences, and constructed a drop surface model of the water table. The results showed that under the same water condition, the morphology of water droplets on leaves of Tilia amurensis was relatively flat compared with that of Quercus mongolica, the water droplet height was 0.15-0.41 mm lower than that of Quercus mongolica, the bottom area was 1.07-9.99 mm2, and the contact angle was 5-10 °. The water drop of oak and Tilia amurense leaves increased by 0.0125 and 0.0091 mm for each additional 1 μL of water, the bottom area increased by 0.59 and 0.70 mm2 respectively, and the contact angle decreased by 0.185 ° and 0.25 °, respectively. During evaporation, the morphological changes of water droplets on the two leaves were the same, but the rate of change of water droplet height and bottom area was higher than that of Quercus mongolica at 9.8% and 41.1%, respectively. However, There is a direct relationship between the drop shape on the.