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目的:探讨在孕产妇中筛查、诊断胎儿与婴儿异常和群体干预的效果。方法:利用妇幼保健三级网络进行出生缺陷监测,评价干预措施的效果。结果:出生缺陷呈上升趋势,群体干预的做法是优生知识宣传;检测母体血清中甲型胎儿蛋白(AFP)和绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)的浓度;彩色超声检查有无神经管畸形和其他体表畸形;新生儿疾病筛查、高危儿脑损伤早期诊治、危重新生儿网络转运和新生儿听力障碍早期诊治,降低了出生缺陷率、婴儿死亡率和远期致残率。结论:在妇幼保健三级网络中开展出生缺陷群体三级预防工作是降低出生缺陷有效的措施,值得推广。
Objective: To explore the effect of screening and diagnosing fetus and infant abnormalities and group intervention in pregnant women. Methods: The three-level maternal and child health network for monitoring birth defects, evaluation of the effect of interventions. Results: The incidence of birth defects was on an upward trend. Group interventions were advocacy of eugenics; detection of serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) concentrations; color ultrasound examination of neural tube defects and other Body surface deformity; neonatal disease screening, early diagnosis and treatment of high-risk brain injury, early diagnosis and treatment of critically ill neonatal transport and neonatal hearing loss, reducing birth defects, infant mortality and long-term morbidity. Conclusion: It is worth to popularize that the tertiary prevention of birth defects population in the three levels of maternal and child health care network is an effective measure to reduce birth defects.