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目的了解新疆沙雅县乙型肝炎的发病现状及流行特征,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法用描述流行病学方法分析2004─2014年沙雅县乙型肝炎的疫情资料。结果 2004─2014年沙雅县累计报告乙型肝炎6 218例,年均发病率234.91/10万,2004年发病率最低为64.52/10万,2009年最高356.80/10万;各年度报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=683.49,P<0.05);无明显季节性;发病集中在15~44岁年龄组、占70.90%,不同年龄组人群发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=20 547.73,P<0.05);发病率男性259.79/10万,女性为208.37/10万,差异有统计学意义(χ2=37.04,P<0.05);职业构成以农民为主占52.49%。结论 2004─2014年沙雅县乙型肝炎发病率呈上升趋势,增长速度快,流行形势十分严峻;在做好乙肝疫苗扩大免疫规划同时,应重点加强农村中青年免疫预防接种,提高易感人群和高危人群的免疫力。
Objective To understand the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in Shaya County of Xinjiang and to provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological data of hepatitis B in Shaya County from 2004 to 2014. Results A total of 6 218 cases of hepatitis B were reported in Shaya County from 2004 to 2014, with an average annual incidence of 234.91 / 100 000. The lowest incidence was 64.52 / 100 000 in 2004 and the highest was 356.80 / 100 000 in 2009. The annual incidence of hepatitis B The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 683.49, P <0.05); no obvious seasonal; incidence concentrated in the age group of 15-44 years, accounting for 70.90%, the incidence of different age groups was significantly different (χ2 = 20 547.73 , P <0.05). The incidence of males was 259.79 / lakh and that of females was 208.37 / lakh, with a statistically significant difference (χ2 = 37.04, P <0.05). Conclusions The incidence of hepatitis B in Shaya county is on an upward trend from 2004 to 2014, with a rapid growth rate and epidemic situation. In the meantime, it is necessary to strengthen immunization vaccination among young and middle-aged people in rural areas and raise the susceptible population And high-risk groups immunity.