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目的探究北京市礼贤镇15岁以下儿童水痘疫苗的接种情况。方法回顾性分析了北京市礼贤镇在2011-2013年间15岁以下儿童水痘疫苗应急接种情况。结果 1-15岁儿童水痘疫苗的接种率为72.83%,且各年龄的疫苗接种率有显著性差异(P<0.05);男性和女性水痘疫苗的接种率无显著差异(P>0.05);本地儿童的水痘疫苗接种率为73.41%,外地为71.82%,两者具有显著性差异(P<0.05);国产水痘疫苗的接种量显著高于进口疫苗,且随着年龄的增大,进口水痘疫苗的接种逐渐减少;幼儿园儿童水痘疫苗接种率为62.14%,小学生为80.84%;中学生为69.18%,且三个学习阶段的水痘疫苗接种率有显著性差(P<0.05)。结论应加强对15岁以下儿童进行水痘疫苗接种的宣传教育,从而提高疫苗接种率,控制15岁以下儿童的水痘发病率。
Objective To investigate the vaccination of chickenpox vaccine in children under 15 years old in Rhenian, Beijing. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the emergency vaccination of chickenpox vaccine in children under 15 years old in Rhenian Town, Beijing from 2011 to 2013. Results The vaccination rate of varicella vaccine was 72.83% in children aged 1-15 years, and the vaccination rate was significantly different among all ages (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the vaccination rate of varicella vaccine between men and women (P> 0.05) The vaccination rate of chickenpox was 73.41% in children and 71.82% in other places (P <0.05). The inoculation amount of domestic chickenpox vaccine was significantly higher than that of imported vaccine, and with the increase of age, the imported chickenpox vaccine . The vaccination rate of chickenpox in kindergarten children was 62.14%, that of primary school students was 80.84%, that of middle school students was 69.18%, and the vaccination rate of chickenpox in three study stages was significantly lower (P <0.05). Conclusion Publicity and education on chickenpox vaccination should be strengthened for children under the age of 15 to improve vaccination coverage and control the incidence of chickenpox in children under 15 years of age.