In view of the incremental leing problem of manifold leing algorithm,an adaptive neighborhood incremental principal component analysis (PCA) and locality preserving projection (LPP) manifold leing algorithm is presented,and the incremental leing principle of algorithm is introduced.For incremental sample data,the adjacency and covariance matrices are incrementally updated by the existing samples;then the dimensionality reduction results of the incremental samples are estimated by the dimensionality reduction results of the existing samples;finally,the dimensionality reduction results of the incremental and existing samples are updated by subspace iteration method.The adaptive neighborhood incremental PCA-LPP manifold leing algorithm is applied to processing of gearbox fault signals.The dimensionality reduction results by incremental leing have very small error,compared with those by batch leing.Spatial aggregation of the incremental samples is basically stable,and fault identification rate is increased.