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通过分析传统的分簇式路由算法LEACH的优缺点,提出了一种基于权重和适合因子的WSN节能分簇路由算法(WF-EECA)。在簇首的选择机制中引入了权重因子W作为调节参数进行簇首选举,并引用层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)确定出了权值系数;在非簇头节点的归属机制中引入了成簇适合因子F,考虑了簇头的剩余能量,与基站的距离以及节点与簇头间的距离等因素,同时簇头与基站之间的数据传输也利用权重的思想由传统的单跳改为单跳与多跳结合的方式,仿真结果表明,该算法能有效平衡节点的通信能耗,显著延长了整个网络的寿命。
By analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the traditional clustering routing algorithm LEACH, this paper proposes a WSN energy-efficient clustering routing algorithm (WF-EECA) based on weights and fitness factors. In the selection mechanism of cluster heads, the weight factor W is introduced as the tuning parameter for cluster head election, and the weight coefficient is determined by using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The membership mechanism of non-cluster head nodes is introduced The clustering suitability factor F considers the residual energy of the cluster head, the distance from the base station and the distance between the node and the cluster head. At the same time, the data transmission between the cluster head and the base station also takes advantage of the weight from the traditional single hop change For single-hop and multi-hop combination, the simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively balance the node communication energy consumption, significantly extending the life of the entire network.