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诸多研究表明:(1)温度和光周期是制约小麦抽穗和成熟的重要环境因子,它们通过Vrn基因和Ppd基因起作用,影响着穗分化的进程;(2)春化是冬性小麦品种抽穗结实的必经阶段,低温和短日照都可使春化完成,小麦不同发育阶段营养和生殖器官内激素的种类和水平有差异,茎尖玉米赤霉烯酮含量达到高峰标志着春化完成;(3)小麦早熟性遗传为部分显性,染色体上有控制抽穗期的主基因;(4)小麦早熟性决定于各个生育阶段的长短,但主要是在二棱前期和后期.早熟高产育种应在最小营养生长期短及分蘖性强以保证穗数的基础上,力抓抽穗早或灌浆速度快这两条途径,以达到产量三因素乘积最大.
Many studies have shown that: (1) temperature and photoperiod are important environmental factors that restrict the heading and maturity of wheat, and they affect the process of spike differentiation through Vrn gene and Ppd gene; (2) vernalization is the winter wheat cultivar Of the necessary stage, low temperature and short sunshine can be completed vernalization, wheat at different developmental stages of nutrition and reproductive organs of the hormone types and levels are different, stem tip of zearalenone content reached the peak marked the vernalization is completed; ( 3) The wheat premature inheritance is partly dominant and the chromosome has the major genes controlling the heading stage; (4) The wheat precocity is determined by the length of each growth stage, but mainly in the early and late stages Minimum vegetative growth period and strong tillering to ensure that the number of ears, based on the strength of early grasp of heading or grain filling fast these two ways to achieve the maximum output of three factors.