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目的分析雷州半岛地区类鼻疽病的临床特征。方法对1990年至2005年入院诊疗的有寒战高热的7786例患者进行类鼻疽伯霍尔德菌血培养和其中的1775例患者进行血清学检测,确诊的类鼻疽病患者进行临床观察、实验室检查和病案调查。结果39例细菌培养阳性患者,阳性率为0．501%,22例血清学诊断阳性(其中细菌学阳性17例、阴性5例),阳性率为1．239%,共检出类鼻疽病患者44例,分布湛江、茂名两市11个县(区、市)19个镇44个自然村；临床以外伤或皮肤溃疡或治疗原基础疾病时受凉起病；以寒战、高热、肺炎、败血症以及脏器组织损害和细菌毒素引起的全身反应为主要表现；肺部病变按叶段浸润后形成空洞；发现12种供治疗的敏感药物,死亡25例(56．8%)。结论雷州半岛为类鼻疽病的地方性流行疫区,其临床特征是受损的皮肤黏膜与稻田水接触感染,当机体免疫力低下时发病；可造成多器官损害,症状复杂多样化,病死率极高。早期使用敏感的β内酰胺酶药物治疗可降低病死率。
Objective To analyze the clinical features of glanders disease in Leizhou Peninsula. Methods A total of 7786 patients admitted to hospital from 1990 to 2005 who had chills and fever were enrolled in this study. Blood samples were collected from 477 patients with Benbow disease and 1775 patients were diagnosed as seronegative patients. The clinical diagnosis, Medical record investigation. Results The positive rate was 0.501% in 39 cases of bacterial culture positive patients. The positive rate of serological diagnosis was 22 cases (17 cases were bacteriological positive and 5 cases negative), the positive rate was 1.239%. A total of 44 cases of idiopathic gonorrhea were detected Cases, distributed in Zhanjiang, Maoming City, 11 counties (autonomous regions and municipalities) 19 towns 44 villages; clinical trauma or skin ulcers or treatment of the original underlying disease cold onset; chills, fever, pneumonia, sepsis and organs Tissue damage and bacterial toxins caused by systemic reactions as the main performance; lung lesions by the leaves of infiltration after the formation of voids; found 12 for the treatment of sensitive drugs, 25 patients died (56.8%). Conclusions Leizhou Peninsula is a endemic epidemic area of the gingiva disease. Its clinical feature is the contact infection of the damaged mucocutaneous and paddy water. When the body immunity is low, it can cause multiple organ damage, with complicated and diversified symptoms. The mortality rate is very high high. Early use of sensitive beta-lactamase drug treatment can reduce mortality.