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阴道药物避孕是人类最早使用控制生育的措施,方法之古老已有几个世纪的历史。对该法的研究进展不快。尤其随着甾体避孕药及宫内节育器的相继问世和广泛应用,阴道避孕法一度受到冷落。由于科研与临床实践的发展,发现甾体避孕药与宫内节育器亦有一定的缺点,于是人们又对阴道避孕法重新评价,与其它避孕措施相比,它具有安全,副反应小等优点,渐渐成为当今人们乐于采纳的避孕方法之一。目前阴道避孕药主要是用杀精剂,门类繁多,有些老药新用,也不断发现新药。它们共同作用的机制都是使精子损伤或制动失活。本文对几种杀精药物的安全性、有效性及优缺点作一综述。
Vaginal drug contraception is the earliest human use of fertility control measures, the ancient method has centuries of history. Research on the law is not going well. In particular, with the birth of steroid pills and intrauterine devices have come into force and widely used, vaginal contraception was once left out. Due to the development of scientific research and clinical practice, it is found that steroid contraceptives and IUDs have certain disadvantages. Therefore, people re-evaluate vaginal contraception. Compared with other contraceptive methods, it has the advantages of safety and little side reaction Has gradually become one of the contraceptive methods that people are willing to adopt today. At present, vaginal contraceptives are mainly used spermicide, a wide range of categories, some old new drugs, but also continue to find new drugs. The mechanism by which they all work together is to inactivate sperm damage or braking. This article reviews the safety, efficacy, advantages and disadvantages of several drugs.