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普遍义务的出现以“二战”后人权国际化和普遍化为背景,是绝对的义务,在国际义务中居于较高层次。普遍义务多为禁止性的义务,以人类社会基本价值和国际社会共同利益作为其承担义务的法理基础。普遍义务反映了国际法价值论的变化。普遍义务应促使我们对国际法体系结构和国际法效力的根据再审视,并重塑国际法中自然法的应有地位,同时也应防止对普遍义务的滥用。
The emergence of a universal obligation, with the background to the internationalization and universality of human rights after World War II, is an absolute obligation and at a higher level of international obligations. Universal obligations are mostly prohibitive obligations, taking the basic values of human society and the common interests of the international community as the legal basis for their obligations. The erga omnes obligations reflect changes in the axioms of international law. The erga omnes obligation should prompt us to re-examine the foundations of the architecture of international law and the validity of international law and to reshape the proper status of natural law in international law, while also preventing abuse of erga omnes obligations.