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20世纪60年代,从美国开始在世界范围内掀起了科学课程改革运动的大潮。英国推出了纳菲尔德普通水平物理、化学和生物课程方案,其物理课程方案具有强烈的科学主义倾向以及重视利用科学方法进行训练和探究活动的浓厚色彩;20世纪70年代,伴随着能源和环境问题的凸显,英国发表了《科学与普通教育》,并推出了综合理科计划。意在培养具有综合科学素质并有较强的信息获取能力和表达科学思想能力的未来社会公民;20世纪80年代STS教育运动中,英国提出了课程改革计划,在真实情境中把物理与技术、社会紧密联系起来,使学生在真实的环境中学习物理知识,凸显物理学科的实用性。本文就英国20世纪60年代至今物理课程改革与发展的历史进行考察,希望能对我国正在进行的中学物理课程改革有所启示。
In the 1960s, the tide of scientific curriculum reform movement was set off from the United States worldwide. The United Kingdom introduced the Commonfield Physics, Chemistry and Biology curriculum at Nuffield with a strong science-oriented approach to physics and a strong emphasis on the use of scientific methods for training and inquiry activities; in the 1970s, energy and environmental problems Highlighted the publication of Science and General Education in the United Kingdom and the launch of a comprehensive science program. Intends to cultivate future social citizens with comprehensive scientific qualities and strong ability of information acquisition and expression of scientific thinking. In the STS education movement of the 1980s, Britain proposed the curriculum reform plan, which put physics and technology, Society is closely linked to enable students to learn physical knowledge in a real environment, highlighting the practicality of physics. This article examines the history of the reform and development of physics curriculum in the United Kingdom from the 1960s to the present, hoping to give some enlightenment to the current reform of physics curriculum in middle schools in our country.