国内一般资料介绍,在狗源紧缺的情况下,可用山羊或绵羊作实验外科手术练习。但用猪作为教学材料,国内报导尚不多。我们考虑到羊的胃肠结构与人有明显差异,因此选用普通家猪(体重10～18公斤)取代狗或羊,经实验证明是可行的。猪与狗在解剖生理上相似,并且皮肤组织和内脏构造上亦与人比较接近。在练习过程中要注意:饲养环境;麻醉药品的选择、剂量、注射途经以及手术途中和术后护理,如在麻醉过程中使用张口器,以防因麻醉过深而抑制呼吸;术前术后要严格遵守无菌原则;术后根据猪的表现还需注射适量的镇痛剂、解痉剂和苏醒剂之类的药物,并补充足量的葡萄糖和生理盐水溶液以及抗菌药 Domestic general information, in the absence of dog sources, available goats or sheep for experimental surgical practice. However, using pigs as teaching materials, there are not many domestic reports. We take into account the structure of the stomach and the sheep were significantly different, so the choice of ordinary domestic pigs (weighing 10 to 18 kg) to replace dogs or sheep, the experiment proved feasible. Pigs and dogs are anatomically similar in physiology and are also structurally similar to human beings. In the process of practice should pay attention to: feeding environment; selection of anesthesia, dosage, route of injection and on the way and postoperative care, such as anesthesia in the use of mouth opening device, to prevent too deep anesthesia and inhibit breathing; preoperative and postoperative To strictly abide by the principle of aseptic; after surgery according to the performance of pigs also need to inject the right amount of analgesics, antispasmodic agents and drugs such as awakening agents, and add enough glucose and saline solution and antibacterial drugs