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目的评价献血前宣教在现场献血过程中的应用效果。方法选择2012年1月—2014年6月在枣庄中心血站和市区内各个献血点的符合献血要求的无偿献血人员520名。将在中心血站进行过献血前宣教、采血由进行宣教的专业医护人员完成,采血后进行人文关怀及随访的献血员260名作为试验组,在市区内各个采血点随机采血的献血员260名作为对照组。比较两组献血员的对献血意义的认知情况、因操作不当引起不良反应的发生情况、采血过程中局部不良反应的发生情况、满意度情况。计数资料比较采用χ~2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果两组献血员对献血意义的认知情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组献血员紧张恐惧、晕针晕血、不适感的发生率(12.30%、5.77%、18.08%与65.32%、13.84%、77.31%)比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。两组献血员皮下青紫、肿胀疼痛、出血、静脉炎的发生率(8.07%、4.61、2.31%、0.77%与39.23%、21.15%、10.77%、3.85%)比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。试验组献血员的满意度(88.41%)显著高于对照组(71.23%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对献血员进行献血前宣教可使采血成功率高,可有效防止不良反应、各种纠纷的发生。
Objective To evaluate the application effect of pre-blood donation preaching on blood donation in the field. Methods From January 2012 to June 2014, 520 unpaid blood donors at blood donation sites in Zaozhuang center and blood donation sites in urban areas were selected. The blood donation will be conducted at the central blood station before the blood donation and the blood collection will be completed by the professional medical personnel who carry out the mission. 260 blood donors who have taken care of the blood after the blood donation and follow-up will be the experimental group. Blood donors who randomly collect blood at each blood collection point in the urban area 260 As a control group. The two groups of blood donors were compared for their sense of blood donation, the occurrence of adverse reactions due to improper operation, the occurrence of local adverse reactions during blood collection, and the degree of satisfaction. Count data were compared using χ ~ 2 test, P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results There was a statistically significant difference in the cognition of blood donation between the two blood donors (P<0.05). The incidence of nervous fear, dizziness, and discomfort in the two groups of donors (12.30%, 5.77%, 18.08%, 65.32%, 13.84%, 77.31%) was statistically significant (all P<0.05). . The incidence of subcutaneous bruising, swelling and pain, hemorrhage, and phlebitis (8.07%, 4.61, 2.31%, 0.77%, and 39.23%, 21.15%, 10.77%, and 3.85%) of the two groups of donors were statistically significant (Table 1). All P<0.05). The satisfaction degree of blood donors in the experimental group (88.41%) was significantly higher than that of the control group (71.23%), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The blood donation before the blood donation can make the blood collection success rate high, which can effectively prevent the occurrence of adverse reactions and various disputes.