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辛亥革命是一场伟大的资产阶级民主革命运动,同时也是一场意义深远的政制创新运动。辛亥革命在中国政制变迁史上打破了王朝循环的路径“锁定”状态,把中国政制强行拉出了帝制轨道,并尝试创建了近代中国第一个民主共和国。但是辛亥革命未能有效地完成政治创制,政制创新进程随着共和国政权的旁落而夭折。从当代新制度主义的视角来反思,以同盟会为代表的政制创新行动集团无疑属于当时中国政治舞台上的弱势行动集团,其集团内部普遍存在的集体行动的“搭便车”问题,有效创制所需行动资源的匮乏,意识形态的弱内聚力与整合力,加之作为内在制度的传统政治文化对政制创新的阻滞等,都决定了其无法在旧制度突然崩塌以后的近代中国完成填补权威真空和制度真空的历史使命。
The 1911 Revolution was a great bourgeois democratic revolution movement and a far-reaching political innovation campaign. The Revolution of 1911 broke the path of “dynastic cycle” of the dynastic revolution in the history of the change of political system in China, forcibly pulled the Chinese political system out of the orbit of the imperialism and tried to create the first modern democratic republic of China. However, the Revolution of 1911 failed to effectively complete political creation. The process of political innovation was aborted with the fall of the Republican government. Reflecting from the perspective of contemporary neo-institutionalism, the CPV group represented by the Allied Congress undoubtedly belonged to the disadvantaged groups of the Chinese political scene at the time, and the “free riding” issue of collective actions that prevailed within the group was effective The scarcity of necessary resources for action, the weak cohesion and integration of ideology, and the impediment to the innovation of political system by the traditional political culture as the inherent system all determine that it can not be filled up in the modern China after the sudden collapse of the old system The historical mission of the vacuum of authority and institutional vacuum.