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外鼻居于面部最突出的部位,易受外伤,在美容上所起的关键作用,并不亚于其作为呼吸器官的功能。感染、外伤、癌肿是造成鼻缺损的主要原因,此外,与先天性畸形和自身免疫性疾病也有关。鼻缺损是耳鼻咽喉科头颈科医生面临的最复杂的问题之一。作者根据美国的情况进行了分类。 [按病因分类](1)先天性:畸形(鼻裂、未发育的鼻双重裂、鼻侧皮样囊肿);肿瘤(神经胶质瘤、脑膨出、神经胶织瘤、血管瘤)。(2)后天性:外伤(烫伤;化学伤或机械伤;其他外伤,如动物咬伤,美国每年约有
External nasal living in the most prominent parts of the face, vulnerable to trauma, the beauty of the key role, and no less than its function as a respiratory organ. Infection, trauma, cancer is the main cause of nasal defects, in addition, congenital malformations and autoimmune diseases are also related. Nasal deformity is one of the most complex problems facing head and neck theologists of otolaryngology. The authors categorized the situation in the United States. [Classification by Etiology] (1) Congenital malformations (nasal fissures, unopposed nasal double cleft, nasal dermoid cysts); tumors (glioma, encephalocele, glioma, hemangiomas). (2) acquired nature: trauma (scald; chemical or mechanical injury; other traumas, such as animal bites, the United States each year about