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以往对特指问句的研究多把疑问词移位 (wh_movement)作为类型学特征。另一个十分重要的类型学特征 ,即疑问标记 ,却鲜有论述。本研究的目的就是综合考察特指问句中疑问标记的类型学特征 ,并分析它的句法结构。本文认为 ,疑问功能是语法范畴 ,要投射成独立的短语结构。不管标记是何种形式 ,都要服从投射和呼应两条句法原则。本文还认为 ,移位理论需要参照疑问标记的类型学特征才能进一步完善。随着考察语言数目的增加 ,目前的处理会有一些修正。但是 ,疑问标记作为特指问句一个重要类型学的特征应该引起重视。
In the past, the study of the specific questions used the word wh_movement as the typological feature. Another very important typological feature, the question mark, is rarely discussed. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively examine the typological features of the question mark in the specific question and to analyze its syntactic structure. This article argues that the function of doubt is grammatical category, and it should be projected into an independent phrase structure. Regardless of the form of the mark, subject to the two principles of projection and echo. This paper also argues that the theory of displacement needs to be further refined by reference to the typological features of doubtful marks. As the number of study languages increases, there will be some amendments to the current treatment. However, the characteristic of the question mark as an important typology of specific questions deserves attention.