药刀是中药的传统切片的用具,有着悠久的历史,它不仅使手工切制片型美观,更重要的是能保证饮片质量。目前许多基层卫生医疗单位,受条件限制,仍需按照传统的手工方法采用铡刀切片。铡刀经过一段时间使用后,如保养不善,会出现各种毛病,如不及时修整,会影响工作效率,同时对切片不利,出现各种不规格的片型。下面介绍我在实践工作中的经验,谈对铡刀的选刀、新刀的开法、安装、整修、保养等方法。一、选刀:铡刀由刀叶、刀桥、象鼻三部分组成。铡刀有优劣之分,凡属敲之声音轻脆,刀面平滑,刀口削铁不缺口为质优。有劈声,有裂缝“夹灰”则质次。二、开新刀:铡刀分正面口、斜面口,注意刀叶正面口只能用粗石擦,不能磨、抢、锉和见火,以免影响钢的质量和平滑。刀叶正面口首先用四方釉砂石在刀叶的平面上擦平,时间不限,以刀面光滑,视之无凸凹现象为止。擦时注意留口3～6mm不能多擦,全面擦 The medical knife is a traditional slicer of traditional Chinese medicine and has a long history. It not only makes the hand-cut slice beautiful, but also ensures the quality of the slice. At present, many primary health care units are subject to conditions and they still need to use the traditional manual method to use trowel. After a sickle has been used for a period of time, if it is not properly maintained, there will be various problems. If it is not repaired in time, the work efficiency will be affected, and at the same time, it will be unfavorable for slicing, and various types of non-standard tablets will appear. The following describes my experience in practical work, talking about the selection of knife, new knife opening method, installation, repair, maintenance and other methods. First, the election knife: knife by the blade, knife bridge, elephant trunk three parts. There are advantages and disadvantages of the file, and the sound of the knock is light and brittle, and the knife surface is smooth. There is a buzzing sound, and cracks are the “clips” of quality. Second, open a new knife: boring knife is divided into the front mouth, bevel mouth, pay attention to the front face of the blade can only use coarse stone rub, can not be grinding, grab, pick and see the fire, so as not to affect the quality of the steel and smooth. The front surface of the blade is first wiped with four-sided glazed sand on the flat surface of the blade. The time is not limited, and the surface of the blade is smooth. Pay attention to keep mouth 3 ~ 6mm can not wipe more, wipe