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目的:研究高海拔对学龄期儿童肺功能的影响。方法:在当地对生活在海拔3 000 m(合作市)、1 500 m(兰州市)和海平面(北京市)地区的6～12周岁323例、356例和305例健康学龄期儿童进行现况研究，进行肺通气功能指标用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEVn 1)、FEVn 1/FVC、最大呼气流量(PEF)和每分钟最大通气量(MVV)的检查，对同年龄段同性别组分别进行单因素方差分析。n 结果:对于不同海拔高度生活的男童，FVC在6～12岁各年龄段差异均有统计学意义(n P值均<0.05)，FEVn 1在除7岁以外的6～12岁各年龄段差异均有统计学意义(n P值均<0.05)，FEVn 1/FVC在11岁和12岁年龄段差异均有统计学意义(n P值均<0.05)，PEF在8～12岁年龄段差异均有统计学意义(n P值均<0.05)，MVV在7岁、11岁和12岁差异均有统计学意义(n P值均<0.05)。对于不同海拔高度生活的女童，FVC、FEVn 1在6～12岁各年龄段差异均有统计学意义(n P值均<0.05)，FEVn 1/FVC在6岁和12岁年龄段差异均有统计学意义(n P值均<0.05)，PEF在8岁、9岁、11岁和12岁年龄段差异均有统计学意义(n P值均<0.05)，MVV在6岁、7岁和12岁差异均有统计学意义(n P值均<0.05)。n 结论:高海拔对学龄期儿童肺功能有影响，且可能有时间累积效应，高海拔地区儿童肺功能解读不能完全以海平面地区为标准。较高的3 000 m海拔，降低单次肺通气量和肺储备量，较高的海拔与肺功能的下降可能存在一定的线性关系。适度的1 500 m海拔，在相对较短的时间段内可能提高肺通气量和肺储备量，在相对较长的时间段内可能反而降低通气量。高海拔可能降低学龄期儿童小气道通气功能。指标中高海拔影响最小的FEVn 1/FVC，可能较其他指标可信度更高。n “,”Objective:To research the effects of high altitude on the respiratory function for school-age children.Methods:It was tested in the locality that forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEVn 1), FEVn 1/FVC, peak expiratory flow (PEF), and maximum ventilator volume (MVV) of the healthy school-age children from 6 to 12 years old.There were 323, 356 and 305 school-age children at altitude 3 000 m (Hezuo), 1 500 m (Lanzhou) and sea level (Beijing) to be studied with method of existing circumstances research.And then results were analyzed with one-way analysis of variance for the same age and sex group respectively.n Results:For male school-age children at different altitude, FVC has statistical difference from age 6 to 12 (all n P<0.05), FEVn 1 has statistical difference except age 7 from age 6 to 12 (all n P<0.05), FEVn 1/FVC has statistical difference at the age of 11 and 12 (both n P<0.05), PEF has statistical difference from age 8 to 12, MVV has statistical difference at the age of 7, 11 and 12 (alln P<0.05). For female school-age children at different altitude, FVC and FEVn 1 have statistical difference from age 6 to 12 (all n P<0.05), FEVn 1/FVC has statistical difference at the age of 6 and 12 (both n P<0.05), PEF has statistical difference except age 10 from age 8 to 12, MVV has statistical difference at the age of 6, 7 and 12 (alln P<0.05).n Conclusions:High altitude has effects on respiratory function tests for school-age children, which effects perhaps have time accumulation influence, the standard of respiratory function at sea level isn′t suitable for highland.Pulmonary ventilation volume per time and functional reserve are lower at 3 000 m altitude than at sea level, maybe this height-effects has positive correlation at higher altitude.Pulmonary ventilation volume and functional reserve are higher at moderate 1 500 m altitude than at sea level for a short period, but it is contrary for a longer period.High altitude possibly has a negative effect on ventilation of the pulmonary small airway.FEVn 1/FVC is probably more credible than others on account of less variation.n