HBsAg阳性母亲的新生儿作为HBV感染的高危人群[1]是乙型肝炎（下称乙肝）疫苗预防接种的重点对象之一．为了解母亲HBV携带状况与其子女接种疫苗后的免疫效果的关系，我们将HBsAg阳性母亲及新生儿配对进行了五年随访观察，并对HBeAg同时阳性的母亲之幼儿的免疫状况进行分析．1对 Newborns with HBsAg-positive mothers who are at high risk for HBV infection [1] are one of the key targets for vaccination against Hepatitis B (HBV) vaccination. To understand the relationship between mothers’ HBV status and their children’s immunization after immunization, we conducted a five-year follow-up of HBsAg-positive mothers and newborn pairing and analyzed the immunological status of young mothers with HBeAg-positive mothers. 1 pair