目的分析北京市西城区社区居民消毒知识、态度、行为(knowledge,attitude and practice,KAP)水平现状及其影响因素,为制定有效的消毒健康教育和干预策略提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段等比例分层整群抽样方法抽取北京市西城区北片943名18~79岁常住居民进行传染病消毒知识、态度及行为面访问卷调查。结果社区居民消毒知识平均得分为(6.32±2.15)分,女性平均得分高于男性(t=-2.516,P=0.031),专业技术人员高于其他职业者(t=-3.257,P=0.001),文化程度越高平均得分越高(t=-5.838,P=0.000),差异有统计学意义。社区居民消毒态度平均得分为(12.70±1.69)分,文化程度越高平均得分越高,差异有统计学意义(t=-2.032,P=0.042)。社区居民消毒行为平均得分为(15.18±3.52)分,女性平均得分高于男性,差异有统计学意义(t=-3.995,P=0.000)。社区居民消毒KAP平均得分为(34.19±5.00)分,单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析结果均提示性别和文化程度是消毒KAP得分高低的影响因素。结论北京市西城区社区居民对消毒重视程度较高,但消毒知识欠缺,在消毒行为方面存在一些不足和隐患。应加大社区消毒知识宣传力度,开展有针对性的健康教育与健康促进活动。 Objective To analyze the current status and influential factors of disinfection knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of community residents in Xicheng District of Beijing and provide scientific basis for effective disinfection and health education and intervention strategies. Methods A total of 943 residents from 18 to 79 years old in the northern part of Xicheng District of Beijing were sampled by multistage equal proportion stratified cluster sampling to investigate the knowledge, attitude and behavioral questionnaire about the disinfection of infectious diseases. Results The average score of disinfection knowledge of community residents was (6.32 ± 2.15) points, the average score of females was higher than that of males (t = -2.516, P = 0.031), and that of professional technicians was higher than that of other occupations (t = -3.257, , The higher the education level, the higher the average score (t = -5.838, P = 0.000), the difference was statistically significant. The average score of community residents’ disinfection attitude was (12.70 ± 1.69) points. The higher the education level, the higher the average score, the difference was statistically significant (t = -2.032, P = 0.042). The average score of disinfection of community residents was (15.18 ± 3.52) points, the average score of female was higher than that of male, the difference was statistically significant (t = -3.995, P = 0.000). The average score of KAP disinfected by community residents was (34.19 ± 5.00) points. Both single factor and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender and educational level were the influencing factors of KAP score of disinfection. Conclusion The community residents in Xicheng District of Beijing pay more attention to disinfection, but lack of disinfection knowledge, there are some shortcomings and hidden dangers in the disinfection behavior. Community efforts should be intensified disinfection knowledge, to carry out targeted health education and health promotion activities.