目的　探讨本地区腹泻病的发生频率和流行规律。方法　按自治区统一方案 ,采用定点监测、疫情旬报、典型病人大便培养以及外环境定时定点采样进行分离培养。结果　 2 0 0 2年 5月 1日至 9月 30日 ,通过全地区 5 0个监测点 ,累计报告腹泻病患者 340 1例 ,报告发病率为 94 0 6 4 / 10万。主要病种有感染性腹泻、细菌性痢疾、其他腹泻 ,分别占 35 93%、13 0 5 %、5 1 0 2 %。从 5月份开始发病率逐渐上升 ,7、8月份达到高峰 ;发病年龄有两个高峰 (0 - 4岁和 30 - 34岁 ) ;男高女低 ;以散居儿童、农民、工人居多 ;市区河坝水、自来水、公厕混合便、食品以及苍蝇、牛、羊、鸡等动物粪便中均未监测到腹泻病阳性菌株。结论　哈密区域内 2 0 0 2年未发生腹泻病流行或暴发疫情。通过监测点报告的腹泻病患者均为散发 ,人群和外环境中均未发现霍乱、O15 7:H7阳性菌株 ,通过监测点报告的菌痢发病率与前一年同期相近。因此 ,本地区腹泻病疫情处于平稳状态。但提示应加强农村以及散居儿童 (尤其是流动人口 )腹泻病防治工作 ,要选择敏感性较高的抗菌药物 ,以确保其疗效 Objective To investigate the frequency and prevalence of diarrhea in this area. Methods According to the unified plan of autonomous region, fixed-point monitoring, epidemic situation report, typical patient stool culture and external environment fixed-point sampling were used for isolation and culture. Results From May 1 to September 30, 2002, a total of 340 diarrhea patients were reported through 50 monitoring stations across the region, with a reported incidence of 994.06 million. The main diseases were infectious diarrhea, bacillary dysentery and other diarrhea, accounting for 35 93%, 135% and 5 102% respectively. The incidence increased gradually from May and peaked in July and August. There were two peak incidence age (0-4 years and 30-34 years old), men and women were low, mostly scattered children, peasants and workers, urban areas No water-soluble diarrhea-positive strains were detected in river dam water, tap water, mixed toilets, foodstuffs and animal excrements such as flies, cattle, sheep and chickens. Conclusions There was no outbreak or outbreak of diarrheal disease in 2001 within the Hami area. Cholera, O15 7: H7-positive strains were not found in both the population and the external environment, and the incidence of dysentery reported at the monitoring sites was similar to the same period of the previous year. Therefore, the epidemic situation of diarrheal disease in this area is in a steady state. However, it is suggested that prevention and treatment of diarrhea in rural and diaspora (especially migrants) should be strengthened and antibiotics with high sensitivity should be selected to ensure its efficacy