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运用天山北坡山地 31条河流的水文、气象以及森林资源资料 ,分析森林调节河川年径流量作用 ,结果表明 :森林与蒸发因素具有减少河川年径流量的效应 ,且森林调节河川径流量的作用远大于蒸发因素影响。在森林因素中 ,森林面积增加对河川年径流量的影响程度大于单位集水区面积森林蓄积量增加的作用。在天山北坡山地自然地理环境条件下 ,林率每增加1 %,河川径流量平均减少 0 .33mm ;单位集水区面积森林蓄积量每增加 1 %,河川径流量平均减少 0 .2 7mm。
Using the data of hydrology, meteorology and forest resources of 31 rivers in the mountainous northern slope of Tianshan Mountains, the effect of forest annual runoff regulation was analyzed. The results showed that the forest and evapotranspiration had the effect of reducing annual runoff and the effect of forest regulation of runoff Much greater than the evaporation factor. Among the forest factors, the effect of increased forest area on the annual runoff of the river is greater than the increase of the forest volume per unit catchment area. Under the natural and geographical environment of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains, the runoff rate of rivers decreased by 0.33 mm for every 1% increase of forest rate. For every 1% increase of forest volume per unit catchment area, the runoff of rivers decreased by 0.27 mm on average.