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在我国商业银行经营行为趋于同质化的背景下,银行通过产品或服务的差异化途径来获取竞争优势难度加大;而将经营目标集中在某一特定的客户群或区域市场会导致银行的市场竞争力过低、风险较大。实际上,商业银行无论是采取通过金融创新实施差异化策略还是将市场定位于集中化策略都面临自身成本的约束和银行盈利的压力。我国商业银行的收入很大程度上依赖于利息收入,在利率市场化趋势下,其成本收入比将大幅度上升。因此,从成本领先的角度来提高竞争力对现阶段对于商业银行而言是最优的选择。文章力图从成本管理角度提出一个增强商业银行竞争力的基本分析框架。
Under the background that the business activities of commercial banks in our country tend to be homogenized, it is more and more difficult for banks to gain competitive advantage through differentiation of products or services. Concentrating their business targets on a specific customer base or regional market will lead banks The competitiveness of the market is too low, the risk is high. In fact, commercial banks face the constraint of self-cost and the pressure of bank profitability whether to adopt a differentiated strategy through financial innovation or focus their market on a centralized strategy. The income of China’s commercial banks relies heavily on interest income. Under the trend of interest rate liberalization, the cost-to-income ratio will increase substantially. Therefore, improving competitiveness from a cost-leadership point of view is the optimal choice for commercial banks at this stage. The article tries to propose a basic analysis framework to enhance the competitiveness of commercial banks from the perspective of cost management.