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目的分析北京市某区陶工尘肺病例的发病特点,为陶工尘肺的防治提供参考依据。方法通过北京市职业病网络报告系统收集2006—2012年北京市某区新发陶工尘肺病例资料,对患者发病年龄、接尘工龄、接尘年代、工种等进行分析。结果 2006—2012年北京市某区报告新发陶工尘肺85例,发病年龄≥60岁者占76.5%,主要集中在60岁～、70岁～年龄组,接尘工龄≥10年者占96.5%,主要集中在10年～、20年～组;工种分布以成型工为主(37.6%);随接尘年代的递增陶工尘肺患者的发病年龄呈逐渐减小的趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);20世纪70、80年代接尘者的接尘工龄较50、60年代接尘者的短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论成型工应作为陶工尘肺的重点监管对象,同时应加强退休人员的职业健康监护。
Objective To analyze the incidence of the cases of potter’s pneumoconiosis in a certain area of Beijing and provide references for the prevention and treatment of pots’ pneumoconiosis. Methods Beijing occupational disease reporting system was used to collect the data of Xinfa potter’s pneumoconiosis patients in a certain area of Beijing from 2006 to 2012. The age of onset, the age of access to dust, the age of dust collection, the types of workers and so on were analyzed. Results A total of 85 new cases of pneumoconiosis were reported in a certain area of Beijing from 2006 to 2012. The incidence of pneumoconiosis was 76.5% in patients aged 60 or older, mainly in the age group of 60 ~ 70 years old. The age of workers who took dust for more than 10 years accounted for 96.5% , Mainly concentrated in 10 years ~ 20 years ~ group; the distribution of workers is dominated by molding workers (37.6%); the age of onset of patients with potter’s pneumoconiosis increased gradually with the age of dust collection, the difference was statistically significant ( P <0.05). In the 1970s and 1980s, the occupational exposure to dust of those who were exposed to dust was significantly shorter (P <0.05) than those from the 1950s and 1960s. Conclusion Molders should be the focus of supervision of ceramic workers pneumoconiosis objects, should also strengthen the retiree’s occupational health guardianship.