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西周是重“声”的时代,其时《诗》是诗、乐、舞三为一体的艺术形式,《诗》的文字内容附着于“乐”而存在,并根据礼仪被用于贵族宴享。“乐语”可被视为最早的《诗》评文字。春秋时期礼崩乐坏的现实在导致《诗》乐分流的同时,《诗》的礼用旨归亦受到破坏。对《诗》的应用不再依礼而行,赋诗断章成为潮流。赋诗断章虽有一定的随意性,但同时亦给了《诗》以重新阐释的空间。孔门说《诗》由此而出,孔门学者用《诗》构建了一个理想社会的蓝图,开启了用《诗》解决现实问题的传统;“兴”这个概念的提出体现了孔门学者重联想譬喻的解《诗》方式。用《诗》与解《诗》是他们对待《诗》的两种基本态度,早期儒家的《诗》学体系即由此建立。
The Western Zhou dynasty was an era of “sound”. At the time, “poem” was an art form integrating poetry, music and dance. The text content of “poem” was attached to “music” and was used according to etiquette for aristocracy . “Music” can be regarded as the earliest “poetic” commentary. In the Spring and Autumn Period, the reality that the eruption and the wickedness caused the poem was diverted at the same time, and the purpose of the ritual purpose of the poem was also destroyed. The application of “poetry” is no longer according to the law, poetry and poetry become a trend. Though there is a certain degree of randomness in the poetry, it also gives the space for reinterpreting the poem. Kongmen said that the poem came out of it. Confucian scholars used the poem to build a blueprint of an ideal society and started the tradition of using “poems” to solve practical problems. The concept of “Xing” embodies Confucian scholars Re-association metaphor solution “poem” way. The use of “poem” and “solution” to “poem” are two basic attitudes towards their treatment of “poem”. That is why the early Confucian “poem” learning system was established.