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冲刷引起桩周土体的损失,研究冲刷效应对桩基水平承载特性的影响非常必要。基于桩前土体楔形受力的应变楔方法可以推导桩侧p-y曲线,进而分析水平受荷桩的受力变形特性,但只适于地表水平的情况。基于冲刷坑坑底以上土体的自重荷载对楔形体的开展范围进行深度等效,建立了冲刷条件下砂土中水平受荷桩的等效应变楔方法。通过与文献对比,验证了该方法的可行性。研究结果表明:冲刷深度增加,冲刷坑底宽度增大及冲刷坡角减小均会降低桩基水平承载性能。与仅考虑冲刷引起的桩侧极限抗力削弱的简化方法相比,本研究得到的桩基最大弯矩偏小。将冲刷坑底以上土层全部剥蚀的做法,忽略了冲刷深度内的土层作用,计算结果会偏于保守。
Scouring causes the loss of the soil around the pile. It is necessary to study the effect of erosion on the horizontal bearing properties of pile foundation. The p-y curve of the pile side can be derived based on the strain wedge method of the wedge-shaped prestress of the pile, and then the stress-deformation characteristics of the horizontally loaded piles can be analyzed, but only for the case of the surface level. Based on the self-weight load of soil above the bottom of the scour pit, the wedge-shaped body is deeply equivalent, and the equivalent strain wedge method of horizontal loaded piles in sand is established. By comparing with the literature, the feasibility of this method is verified. The results show that the increase of scouring depth, the increase of scour pit width and the decrease of scouring slope angle will reduce the horizontal bearing capacity of pile. Compared with the simplified method, which only considers the weakening of the ultimate resistance of pile caused by erosion, the maximum moment of pile found in this study is small. The method of erodeing all the soil layers above the bottom of the pit will be neglected, and the calculation result will be conservative.