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过去民间曾流行一句谚语:“不分满汉,但问民旗。”也就是说,清代社会主要由民人社会和旗人社会两部分组成。当然,如果细分起来,旗人社会有满蒙汉的差别,而民人社会就更复杂了。所谓旗人即入八旗之人,民人即未入旗之人。八旗与有清一代相始终,作为社会组织和典章制度,在清代政治生活和社会生活中起过重要的作用,对清王朝的建立、发展和
In the past, people used to have a popular saying: “I do not mind the Manchu people, but I ask the people’s banners.” In other words, the Qing society was mainly composed of civil society and banner people. Of course, if they are subdivided, there is a difference between Mongolian and Chinese in the banner people’s society, and the people’s society is more complicated. The so-called banner people into the Eight Banners, the people that did not enter the flag of the people. The Eight Banners and the Qing Dynasty have always played an important role in the political life and social life of the Qing Dynasty as a social organization and a system of laws and ordinances. As for the establishment and development of the Qing Dynasty and