对16例狂犬病患者进行血清狂犬病中和抗体检测，13例阳性（81．25％），其P／N值为5．26±2．32；肿瘤坏死因子活性指数为46．44±8．03，与对照组比较有显著差异（P＜0．01）。中和抗体效价与肿瘤坏死因子活性指数经相关分析：r＝0．8213，P＜0．01。16例患者全部死亡，提示狂犬病中和抗体与肿瘤坏死因子活性指数在致死性结局存在相关关系。它们的增高对诊断及促进死亡有一定意义。 Serum rabies neutralizing antibody was detected in 16 cases of rabies patients, 13 cases were positive (81.25%) with P / N value of 5.26 ± 2.32 and tumor necrosis factor activity index was 46.44 ± 8.03 , There was significant difference compared with the control group (P <0.01). Neutralizing antibody titer and tumor necrosis factor activity index were analyzed by correlation analysis: r = 0.8213, P <0.01. All 16 patients died, suggesting that the rabies neutralizing antibody and tumor necrosis factor activity index in the fatal outcome relationship. Their increase has some significance for diagnosis and promotion of death.