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通过4个具太谷核不育(Ta)小麦细胞质的回交4代可育材料与其相应核遗传组成的正常细胞质普通小麦轮回亲本品种间的正反 NCⅡ杂交(或由核遗传称为复式双列杂交),探讨 Ta 细胞质对产量等有关性状的遗传效应。试验证实两组亲本核遗传组成相对一致;Ta 细胞质与正常细胞质相比,对粒数、粒重、千粒重、结实率等性状具有不良效应;Ta 细胞质遗传效应主要表现在与核遗传背景的互作,Ta 细胞质与母源核遗传背景互作及该互作与父源核遗传背景的互作对农艺性状的遗传变异有显著效应。本研究提出的正反复式双列杂交设计是分析数量性状细胞质遗传效应的有效方法。
The positive and negative NC Ⅱ hybridization between four elite cytoplasmic normal wheat recurrent parental lines with four nuclear fertilizers with Taigu nuclear sterile (Ta) Column hybridization) to explore the genetic effects of Ta cytoplasm on yield and other related traits. The results showed that the genetic composition of parental nucleus in both groups was relatively consistent. Ta cytoplasm had adverse effect on the grain number, grain weight, 1000-grain weight, seed setting rate and other traits compared with normal cytoplasm. The genetic effects of Ta cytoplasm were mainly manifested in interaction with nuclear genetic background , The interaction between Ta cytoplasm and maternal nuclear genetic background and the interaction of this interaction with the paternal nuclear genetic background have a significant effect on the genetic variation of agronomic traits. The double-row hybridization design proposed in this study is an effective method to analyze the cytoplasmic genetic effect of quantitative traits.