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新经济地理学对不同区位企业生产率差异的解释是集聚外部性,但随着企业异质性的加入,这种解释显得太过片面,“空间选择效应”和“分类效应”对地区间的生产率差距均有着显著的影响。本文基于集聚外部性、“空间选择效应”(包括“单边选择”和“双边选择”)和“分类效应”在不同区位(核心和外围)企业生产率分布三大特征(均值、标准差、偏度)上的差异化表现,来分析制造业细分行业中导致其地区间生产率差距的主导因素。结果发现,“空间选择效应”和“分类效应”能够解释大部分行业的地区间差距,而只有很小一部分行业是由于集聚外部性而产生差距的;并且,行业的资本劳动比和不对称的市场规模是影响空间选择效应和分类效应作用大小的两个主要因素。
Neo-economic geography explains the differences in productivity of enterprises in different geographical locations, but the explanation is too one-sided with the heterogeneity of enterprises, and the effect of spatial selection effect and classification effect. Regional productivity disparities have a significant impact. In this paper, the distribution of firm productivity in different locations (core and periphery) based on agglomeration externality, “spatial selection effect” (including “unilateral selection ” and “bilateral selection ”) and “classification effect Features (mean, standard deviation, skewness) on the performance of the subdivision to analyze the manufacturing industry leading to the disparity between the productivity of the dominant factor. The results show that the ”spatial selection effect“ and ”classification effect" can explain the regional disparity in most industries, while only a small part of the industry is due to the agglomeration of externalities and the gap; and, the industry’s capital labor ratio And the asymmetric market size is the two main factors that influence the effect of space selection and classification effects.