目的为了解地震造成对灾区居民健康问题及严重程度。方法采取定群抽样方式,抽取汶川县人民医院5月14日至7月8日的所有门诊就诊患者,按WHO灾难医学疾病分类方法对病例进行分类,动态比较各类疾病发生情况。结果地震造成外伤、腹泻及肠炎发生增高,呼吸系统、皮炎的发生等均在第2周上升,第3周达到高峰后持续下降。结论震后早期外伤、肠炎/腹泻是门诊病例的主要病种,其后急性上呼吸道感染成为主要病种的结果与其他报道相同;皮疹病占门诊病例的第2位;传染病例构成低。主要病种均呈现出第四周下降的现象与防疫工作早期介入有关。 Purpose To understand the health problems and the severity of residents affected by the earthquake. Methods The method of cluster sampling was used to draw out all outpatients from Wenchuan County People’s Hospital from May 14 to July 8, and to classify the cases according to WHO Disaster Medical Disorders Classification Methods to dynamically compare the occurrence of various diseases. Results As a result of the earthquake, trauma, diarrhea and enteritis increased. Respiratory system and dermatitis were all increased in the second week and continued to decrease after reaching the peak in the third week. Conclusions Early posttraumatic trauma and enteritis / diarrhea are the major causes of outpatients. Afterwards, the result of acute upper respiratory tract infection becoming the main disease is the same as other reports; rash accounted for the second highest in outpatient cases and the incidence of infectious diseases was low. The main diseases are showing the phenomenon of the fourth week of decline and epidemic prevention work involved in the early intervention.