社会主义现实主义一度炙手可热,曾是苏联主流文学的基本方法。随着苏联社会的解体,社会主义现实主义遭到了评论家们的猛烈攻击。但冷静过后,学界摈弃了社会意识形态的分析,逐渐将其视为一种美学手法。本文试从社会主义现实主义产生的历史背景、形成的文化渊源、诞生的民间文学土壤及自身的美学规律成因等四个方面来重新阐释社会主义现实主义。 Socialist realism was once the hottest topic and was once the basic method of mainstream literature in the Soviet Union. As the Soviet Union collapsed, socialist realism was severely attacked by critics. However, after the calm down, the academic community abandoned the analysis of social ideology and gradually regarded it as an aesthetic method. This paper attempts to reinterpret the socialist realism from four aspects: the historical background of socialist realism, the cultural origins formed, the soil of folk literature born and the causes of its own aesthetics.