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子宫内膜异位症是妇科常见疾病，其发病机制尚不明确，治疗效果仍不理想，复发率高达50％，是育龄期妇女盆腔痛和不孕的主要原因之一。体外模型的建立和应用为探索子宫内膜异位症的发病机制及治疗方法提供了一个新的研究平台。体外模型主要有细胞培养和组织培养两种形式，已从传统的单一模型、二维模型发展为新型的复合模型、三维模型。近年来子宫内膜异位症体外模型的建立和发展，为子宫内膜异位症提供了更为仿真的研究模型。“,”Endometriosis is a common disease in gynecology.At present,the pathogenesis of endometrio-sis is not clear and the treatment effect is not satisfactory with a recurrence rate as high as 50%.And it is one of the main reasons that cause pelvic pain and infertility of women in childbearing age .The establishment and application of in vitro model provides a new platform to study the pathogenesis and treatment of endometrio-sis.Cell culture and tissue culture are two forms of in vitro models.In vitro model has been developed from the traditional single model,the two-dimensional model to new types of composite model and three-dimensional model.Endometriosis in vitro model establishment and development in recent years, has provided models much closer to the real condition of endometriosis.