思维灵活性和思维呆板性是一种思维素质的正反两个方面。所谓思维呆板性,是指墨守成规、一成不变的僵化思维,它是培养思维灵活性、独创性的最大障碍。但是,人们往往重视对作为科学思维素质之一的思维灵活性的研究,而对思维呆板性的研究重视不够。教育家奥加涅相指出:“经验表明,呆板性是许多中学生的思维特点。”笔者近几年在课堂教学中,对 Thinking flexibility and rigid thinking are two aspects of thinking quality. The so-called rigidness of mind refers to rigid and rigid thinking that sticks to conventions and rules, and it is the biggest obstacle to fostering flexibility in thinking and originality. However, people often pay attention to the study of thinking flexibility as one of the qualities of scientific thinking, and the study of the rigidness of thinking is not enough. The educator Oganezian pointed out: “Experience shows that dullness is the thinking characteristic of many middle school students.” The author has been teaching in the classroom in recent years.