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目的对心电图在急性肺栓塞诊断中的作用进行探讨,旨在为日后临床诊断急性肺栓塞提供科学依据。方法选取于2014年8月—2016年8月期间在接受救治的76例急性肺栓塞患者进行本次研究,所有患者均于入院及出院时进行12导联心电图检查,然后由同一经验丰富的医生对所有患者的心电图检查结果进行分析,P<0.05为差异显著,具有统计学意义。结果所有患者于入院时的心电图检查中有70例显示异常(92.11%),其中包括窦性心动过速、顺时针转位、电轴偏转、右束支完全及不完全传导阻滞、Ⅰ导联出现S波以及Ⅲ导联出现Q波及T波倒置等心电图异常,出院时的心电图检查中有25例患者显示异常(32.89%),入院与出院的心电图异常发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论心电图对于急性肺栓塞的诊断确有作用,但因急性肺栓塞患者的心电图改变存在多样性及非特异性等特点,因而还应结合患者的临床症状以及其它的检查手段,以减少急性肺栓塞误诊或漏诊事件的发生,使早期诊断率得到提升,为患者赢得更为充足的治疗时间。
Objective To investigate the role of electrocardiogram in the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism and to provide a scientific basis for clinical diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism in the future. Methods A total of 76 patients with acute pulmonary embolism who were treated during August 2014-August 2016 were enrolled in this study. All patients underwent 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) examination on admission and discharge, and then were performed by the same experienced doctor ECG analysis of all patients were analyzed, P <0.05 was significantly different, with statistical significance. Results All patients showed abnormal electrocardiogram (92.11%) at admission, including sinus tachycardia, clockwise rotation, axial deflection, complete right bundle branch and incomplete block, Ⅰ There were S wave and Ⅲ lead ECG Q wave and T wave inversion abnormalities, discharged from the electrocardiogram in 25 patients showed abnormalities (32.89%), the incidence of hospital admission and discharge of ECG abnormalities, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusions ECG for the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism does have a role, but because of acute pulmonary embolism in patients with ECG changes there are diversity and non-specific characteristics, it should also be combined with the patient’s clinical symptoms and other tests to reduce the misdiagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism Or misdiagnosis of the incident, so that the early diagnosis rate is improved, for patients to win more adequate treatment time.