论文部分内容阅读
目的 :通过对尸颅蝶腭孔的测量和观察 ,为经鼻内镜蝶腭孔相关手术提供解剖学依据。方法 :应用显微解剖学方法对 4 0侧正中线切开的尸颅蝶腭孔进行了位置、形状、大小及毗邻关系的观察与有关数据的测量。结果 :将蝶腭孔分成 3类 ,Ⅰ类 :孔位于上鼻甲、上鼻道的后方 ,Ⅱ类 :孔位于中鼻甲或中鼻道的后端 ,Ⅲ类 :Ⅰ类加Ⅱ类。各类分别占 35 %、5 %、6 0 %。孔上缘与蝶窦底间距离男 (1.75± 1.10 )mm ,女 (1.13± 0 .5 5 )mm ,与蝶窦口距离男 (9.80± 3.2 7)mm ,女 (8.30± 3.4 5 )mm ,孔的后缘与鼻咽部距离男 (11.12± 3.30 )mm ,女 (10 .85± 3.12 )mm ,孔的前缘与上颌窦口距离男 (18.5 0± 6 .‘80 )mm ,女 (14 .5 7± 5 .0 7)mm ,与鼻尖距离男 (6 9.5 4± 6 .98)mm ,女(6 6 .5 7± 5 .0 7)mm ,与前鼻棘距离男 (5 6 .6 9± 5 .70 )mm ,女 (5 3.2 5± 8.80 )mm ,以蝶腭孔中心点为准前后径女(4 .6 1± 1.80 )mm ,男 (5 .12± 2 .0 5 )mm ,上下径男 (5 .37± 2 .6 7)mm ,女 (4 .74± 2 .74 )mm ,与硬腭水平板的夹角男(2 2 .83± 4 .71)°,女 (2 2 .73± 3.81)°。蝶腭动脉外径男 (2 .12± 0 .6 6 )mm ,女 (1.6 1± 0 .70 )mm ,蝶腭神经外径男(0 .6 5± 0 .4 9)mm ,女 (0 .35± 0 .0 7)mm。鼻腔外侧壁的血供及
OBJECTIVE: To provide an anatomical basis for the operation of transnasal endoscopic sphenopalatine foramen by measuring and observing the corpora cavernosa palate. Methods: The position, shape, size, and adjacent relationship of corpse cranial fossa palatal fossa cut from the midline of 40 sides were observed and the related data were measured by microsurgical anatomy. Results: The sphenopalatine fissure was divided into three categories. The first type was the hole located in the superior turbinate and posterior to the nasal passages, the second type was the posterior end of the middle turbinate or the middle nasal tract. The third category was Class Ⅰ plus Ⅱ. Each category accounted for 35%, 5% and 60% respectively. The distance between the upper edge of the hole and the base of the sphenoid sinus was (1.75 ± 1.10) mm and 1.13 ± 0.55 mm respectively, with a distance of 9.80 ± 3.2 7 mm and 8.30 ± 3.4 5 mm (11.12 ± 3.30) mm, female (10.85 ± 3.12) mm, and the distance between the posterior edge of the hole and the nasopharynx was (18.5 ± 0.6) mm (14.57 ± 5.07) mm, distance from the tip of the nose (6 9.5 4 ± 6 .98) mm, female (66.57 ± 5.07) mm, distance from the anterior nasal spine (5.61 ± 1.80) mm, male (5.12 ± 2.80) mm, female (5 3.2 5 ± 8.80) mm, with the center of sphenopalatine foramen as the standard .0 5) mm, male and female (4.37 ± 2.76) mm, female (4.74 ± 2.74) mm, male and female (2.83 ± 4.71 ) °, female (2 2 .73 ± 3.81) °. The diameter of the sphenopalatine artery was (2.12 ± 0.66) mm in female and (1.6 ± 0.70) mm in female. The diameter of sphenopalatine nerve was (0.65 ± 0.49) mm in female 0 .35 ± 0 .0 7) mm. Nasal lateral wall of the blood supply and