在西部开发中保护民族传统知识是实现人文与自然可持续和谐发展的基本条件。由于民族传统知识本身面临着生存危险、西方“生物海盗”掠用的危险,而西部开发可能使其雪上加霜,我国中央及西部地方政府已采取了一些措施,但仍存在一些问题。现代财产法、民族习惯法、有关国际法是西部开发中我国民族传统知识保护的基本法律规则。 The protection of traditional ethnic knowledge in the development of the western region is the basic condition for the sustainable and harmonious development of humanity and nature. Because traditional national knowledge itself is facing the danger of survival and the danger of “biological pirates” in the West, the development of the western region may make it even worse. Some measures have been taken by the local governments in central and western China, but some problems still exist. The modern property law, customary national law and the relevant international law are the basic legal rules for the protection of our national traditional knowledge in the development of the western region.