民族方法论(ethnomethodology)这个术语是仿照“民族科学”(ethnoscience)和“民族植物学”,(ethnobotany)那样的术语类推创造出来的。它是指“对社会成员使用方法的研究”,这里所指的“方法”是人们用来组织各种活动并使这些活动具有共同意义的方法。民族方法论强调的是:(1)社会现象的具体特征,用社会学的术语来说,即“文化”或 The term ethnomethodology was modeled after the terminology analogies of ethnoscience and ethnobotany. It refers to “a study of the ways in which members of the community are used,” and the “method” referred to here is a means by which people organize and bring about their shared activity. Ethnic methodologies emphasize: (1) the specific characteristics of social phenomena, in terms of sociology, namely “cultural” or