一、前言白血病是造血组织的恶性疾病。其特征是骨髓中白细胞系统过速增生,侵犯机体各组织,周围血液中常有大量的异常细胞出现。根据病情缓急和白细胞成熟程度的临床特点分为急性和慢性两类。根据增生细胞的类型又分为粒细胞性、淋巴细胞性、单核细胞性和其他少见的类型,如红白血病、浆细胞性白血病等。该病目前并非少见病,且发病率有逐年增加的趋势。随着医学科学迅速发展,近代采用联合化疗治疗白血病获得可喜成果,使缓解率大为提高,并能延长病人寿 I. INTRODUCTION Leukemia is a malignant disease of hematopoietic tissue. It is characterized by excessive proliferation of leukocyte systems in the bone marrow, which invade tissues of the body, and there are often a large number of abnormal cells in the surrounding blood. According to the clinical features of urgency and leukocyte maturation, it is divided into acute and chronic. According to the type of proliferating cells is divided into granulocyte, lymphocyte, monocyte and other rare types, such as erythroleukemia, plasma cell leukemia. The disease is not rare at present, and the incidence rate has increased year by year. With the rapid development of medical science, the use of modern chemotherapy in the treatment of leukemia has yielded gratifying results, greatly improving the remission rate and prolonging the patient’s longevity.