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目的对手足口病患者血清中的肠道病毒71型IgM抗体水平进行检测分析,以了解汕头地区手足口病患者肠道病毒71型的感染情况。方法采集2013年915例临床确诊手足口病患者的血清标本,用ELISA法检测其特异性EV71-IgM抗体。结果 915例血清标本中214例检出EV71-IgM抗体阳性,阳性率为23.39%;其中,3岁组和4岁组阳性率分别为32.98%和28.33%,阳性率均高于其他年龄组(χ2=25.472,P<0.005),差异有统计学意义;男性3岁组与4岁组阳性率比其他年龄组高(χ2=17.303,P<0.05),女性3岁组阳性率明显比其他年龄组高(χ2=13.092,P<0.05);患者男、女阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.842,P>0.05)。结论肠道病毒71型是汕头地区手足口病的主要病原体,建立完善的EV71病毒流行监测系统是当前预防与控制手足口病的重要环节。
Objective To detect the level of enterovirus 71 IgM in the serum of patients with hand-foot-mouth disease to understand the infection of enterovirus 71 in patients with hand-foot-mouth disease in Shantou. Methods Serum samples from 915 clinically diagnosed hand, foot and mouth disease patients in 2013 were collected, and their specific EV71-IgM antibodies were detected by ELISA. Results The positive rate of EV71-IgM antibody in 214 out of 915 serum samples was 23.39%, of which the positive rates were 32.98% and 28.33% respectively in 3-year-old group and 4-year old group, the positive rates were higher than those in other age groups χ2 = 25.472, P <0.005), the difference was statistically significant. The positive rates of male 3 years old and 4 years old were higher than those of other age groups (χ2 = 17.303, P <0.05) (Χ2 = 13.092, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the positive rate of male and female patients (χ2 = 0.842, P> 0.05). Conclusion Enterovirus 71 is the major pathogen of hand-foot-mouth disease in Shantou area. Establishing a complete epidemic monitoring system for EV71 virus is an important part of current prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease.