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目的分析张家港市2010年疑似预防接种反应(AEFI)发生特征,评价疫苗安全性和预防接种质量。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对AEFI监测系统收集的数据进行分析。结果张家港市2010年AEFI监测系统共报告236例个案,以0～2岁组儿童为主,占57.63%;男女性别比为1.15∶1,主要发生于9—11月。涉及13种疫苗,麻疹疫苗和百白破疫苗引起的报告数分别占38.56%、24.15%,位列前二位。以一般反应为主,占83.90%;异常反应占12.71%;偶合症占2.54%;心因性反应占0.85%;无疫苗质量事故和接种事故。结论张家港市预防接种用疫苗安全性良好,预防接种服务质量较高。为减少AEFI和接种事故的发生,必须严格疫苗管理,规范预防接种操作,提高AEFI监测系统的敏感性,规范监测报告。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of suspected immunization response (AEFI) in 2010 in Zhangjiagang City and evaluate the safety and vaccination quality of vaccines. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data collected by the AEFI monitoring system. Results A total of 236 cases were reported by the AEFI monitoring system in 2010 in Zhangjiagang City. The majority of children aged 0-2 years old accounted for 57.63%. The sex ratio of men and women was 1.15:1, which mainly occurred from September to November. The number of reports involving 13 vaccines, measles vaccine and diphtheria-pertussis vaccine accounted for 38.56% and 24.15% respectively, ranking the top two. The most common reactions accounted for 83.90%; anomalous reactions accounted for 12.71%; couples accounted for 2.54%; psychogenic reactions accounted for 0.85%; no vaccine quality and vaccination accidents. Conclusion Vaccines for vaccination in Zhangjiagang City are safe and have high quality vaccination services. In order to reduce the occurrence of AEFI and vaccination accidents, vaccination must be strictly regulated, vaccination practices should be regulated, the sensitivity of AEFI monitoring system should be improved, and the monitoring report should be standardized.