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袁世凯接受日本对华“二十一条”的侵略要求 ,史学界一般都认为是袁世凯为了取得日本对其复辟帝制的支持而做的交换。通过分析日本提出条约的事件背景、条约谈判过程、袁世凯的应对后认为 ,日本抓住第一次世界大战中国孤立无援的机会 ,利用中国国内政治分裂、袁世凯急于巩固自身权力的弱点 ,并加以武力威胁 ,终于迫使袁世凯接受其空前的侵略要求。这一结局基本上是中日实力对比和残酷的国际政治现实的真实反映 ,袁世凯恰逢其时 ,恐怕难以力挽狂澜。
Yuan Shikai accepted the Japanese invasion of “Article 21” requirements. Historians generally considered it an exchange for Yuan Shikai in order to obtain Japan’s support for the restoration of the monarchy. After analyzing the background of the treaty proposed by Japan and the bargaining process of the treaty and Yuan’s response, Yuan believes that Japan seized the opportunity of China’s isolation during the First World War and took advantage of the internal political split in China. Yuan Shikai was eager to consolidate the weaknesses of its own power and resorted to force Threatened to finally force Yuan Shikai to accept his unprecedented demands for aggression. This outcome is basically a true reflection of the strength of China and Japan and the brutal reality of international politics. Yuan Shih-k’ai just happened at that time and I am afraid that it will be very difficult to turn the tide.