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根据养分平衡理论对种养结合区禹城农田系统磷素盈亏状况进行了计算分析,结果表明,从1980年到2005年该区域农田系统的磷素输入、输出和盈余均呈现增长趋势,按耕地面积平均磷素输入量由35.8kgP2O5·hm-2·a-1增加到296.9kgP2O5·hm-2·a-1、磷素输出量由29.6kgP2O5·hm-2·a-1增加到148.0kgP2O5·hm-2·a-1,因为输入增加速度大于其输出增加速度,导致磷素盈余量由6.2kgP2O·5hm-2·a-1增加到148.9kgP2O·5hm-2·a-1;从空间差异来看,在11个乡镇中除2个乡镇的耕地表现为磷素亏缺外,其余9个乡镇的耕地均不同程度地呈现出磷素盈余,其中有1个乡镇的盈余量较低,按耕地平均为55.3kgP2O5·hm-2·a-1,有7个乡镇的盈余量按耕地平均都在100.0kgP2O5·hm-2·a-1以上,磷素盈余量最高的达到297.8kgP2O5·hm-2·a-1,远高于欧盟一些国家法令规定的农田磷素盈余限量标准。禹城农田系统磷素的大量盈余,主要源于化肥磷投入增加,特别是粪便磷的快速增长,所以,为了减少磷素盈余损失,应适量减少化肥磷投入,同时对粪便磷在区域内进行合理管理和调配施用。
According to the theory of nutrient balance, phosphorus surplus and deficit in Yucheng farmland system was calculated and analyzed. The results showed that from 1980 to 2005, the input, output and surplus of phosphorus in farmland system showed an increasing trend. According to the cultivated land The average phosphorus input increased from 35.8kgP2O5 · hm-2 · a-1 to 296.9kgP2O5 · hm-2 · a-1, and the phosphorus output increased from 29.6kgP2O5 · hm-2 · a-1 to 148.0kgP2O5 · hm-2 · a-1. As the input increase rate is greater than the output increase rate, the P surplus increased from 6.2kgP2O · 5hm-2 · a-1 to 148.9kgP2O · 5hm-2 · a-1. From the point of view, the cultivated land of two townships and townships in 11 townships showed phosphorus deficit, while the cultivated land of the remaining nine townships showed phosphorus surplus to varying degrees. Among them, one township had a lower surplus, The average of arable land was 55.3kgP2O5 · hm-2 · a-1, and the surplus of 7 townships was above 100.0kgP2O5 · hm-2 · a-1 and the highest surplus of phosphorus was 297.8kgP2O5 · hm- 2 · a-1, which is much higher than the limit of farmland phosphorus surplus set by some EU national laws and regulations. The large surplus of phosphorus in Yucheng farmland system was mainly due to the increase of fertilizer phosphorus input, especially the rapid growth of fecal phosphorus. Therefore, in order to reduce the loss of phosphorus surplus, the input of fertilizer phosphorus should be reduced appropriately, Reasonable management and deployment of applications.