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同治十三年(1874年),英国陆军上校柏郎率领一支近200人的武装探路队探测从缅甸到我国云南的陆路交通,英国驻华使馆派遣翻译官马嘉理前往滇缅边境迎接。光绪元年(1875年)正月,马嘉理引领柏郎一行未经知会云南地方官进入中国境内,引起当地民众疑虑,将先行的马嘉理及其数名中国随员杀死,柏郎一行也因受阻,退回缅境。事后,英国乘机要挟清政府,企图把此事件说成是清廷幕后指使,进行肆无忌惮的讹诈。在清政府一再退让的情况下,双方经一年多的交涉,先后签定了《烟台条约》和《烟台条约续增专条》,导致中国的西南边疆危机进一步加深。此组史料选自馆藏外务部档案,为《文献丛编》所辑《英翻译官马嘉理在滇被戕案》和《清季外交史料》所未载。现予刊布,供研究参考。
Thirteen years of Tongzhi (1874), Brigadier-General Bo Lang of the British Army led an armed exploration team of nearly 200 people to explore land transport from Burma to Yunnan in China. The British Embassy in China sent Translator Ma Jiali to meet Burma and Burma on the border. In the first year of Emperor Guangxu (1875), Ma Jiali led LeBron and his entourage into China without any notice of the local officials in Yunnan, arousing suspicion of the local people and killing the leading Ma Jiali and several of his Chinese entourages. As a result, Returned to Myanmar. Afterwards, the British took the opportunity to hold back the Qing government in an attempt to describe the incident as being behind the Qing court’s insulting and unscrupulous blackmail. In the case of repeated concessions by the Qing government, the two sides signed the Yantai Treaty and the Yantai Treaty Continuation of Special Provisions after more than a year of negotiation, resulting in a further deepening of the crisis in China’s southwestern frontier. This group of historical data is selected from the archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and is not contained in the “Collection of Literature” edited by “English Translator Magali in Yunnan Province” and “Historical Materials in the Qing Dynasty.” Now for publication, for research reference.